https://youtu.be/I-yJtGOVgw0
The different parts of respiratory system are
1.nasal cavity
2.pharynx
3.lartnx
4.trachea
5.bronchi
6.bronchiole
7.alveoli
8.lungs
1.nasal cavity
Space in the nose is called nasal cavity
Nasal cavity has
Hair and
Mucous membrane
Hair prevents dust particles entering when breathing air
Mucous membrane makes air warm
Because lungs cant bear cold air
2.pharnx
It is common passage for air and food
3.larynx
It is also called voice box
It has vocal chords
They vibrate to produce sound
Opening of larynx is called GLOTTIS
Covering of glottis is called EPIGLOTTIS
4.Trachea
Trachea is called wind pipe
Trachea is protected by C shaped cartilaginous rings
Which prevents collapse of trachea
5.Bronchi
Trachea divides into 2 bronchi
Each bronchi enters into each lung
Bronchi also have c shaped rings
6.Bronchioles
Each bronchi divides into several bronchioles
Each bronchioles enters into one alveoli
7.Lungs
Lungs are filled with millions of alveoli
The structural and functional units of lungs are alveoli
Covering of lungs is called pleura
Lungs rest on diaphragm
Since lungs are sensitive they are protected by
Sternum bone in front
Ribs bones on sides
Vertebral column in back
8.Alveolii
The structural and functional units of lungs are called alveoli
Alveoli helps in exchange of gases
They take oxygen from air we breathe
And gives to blood
Blood gives oxygen to all cells of body
In each cell food is oxidized by oxygen and liberated energy
Respiration is exothermic process where food is oxidized and liberates energy
Energy is liberated in the form of ATP
ATP means adenosine triphosphate
1 ATP releases 7.3 kcals/mole
9.Blood plays vital role in exchange of gases
Haemoglobin in bcoz takes oxygen as oxyhaemoglobin and gives to cells
But co2 formed is not naught back by hemoglobin
Instead co2 dissolves in blood and comes back to alveoli
10.Residual volume
Lungs always have residual volume of air
Which allows proper space and time for breathing
11.BREATHING
Breathing and respiration is not same
Breathing involves inspiration and expiration
Inspiration means
Lungs expand
Ribs come forward
Diaphragm becomes flat
Space in lung increases
Pressure decreases in lungs
Outside air rushes inside
Expiration means
Lungs contract
Rib come back
Diptagm becomes dome
Space in lungs decreases
Pressure increases in lungs
Inside air rushes outside
Better write this in tabular column if asked in exam
12.alveolii has some special characters suitable for respiration
They are
A.many in number to increase surface area of respiration
B.they have extensive blood capillary network for exchange of gases
C.they have thin and porous wall for exchange of gases
D.they are microscopic and many in number
13.respiration is of 2 types
aerobic and anaerobic
Aerobic occurs in presence of air
Aerobic release more energy 38 ATP
Aerobic has both glycolysis ,Krebs cycle and electron transport
Whereas
Anaerobic occurs in absence if air
It release only 2 atp
Only glycolysis is present
Eg.bacteria ,blue green algae, yeast, muscle cells etc
14.respiration is divided into 2 steps
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Electron transport system
14.differnet organisms respiratory organs are
A.insects trachea
B.earthworm skin
C.fishes gills
D.Frogs lungs,skin and buccal cavity
E.scorpion book gills
15..fishes respire vigorously
Because
They have to take dissolved oxygen present in the blood.
They dont have free oxygen in water
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